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There are a few things you should know before getting started. Second, there are a lot of different software packages for mining, but we're taking the easy route and using NiceHash Miner. It includes support for the most popular mining solutions, and it will even benchmark your card to determine which one works best.
Even though some algorithms may perform better than others, we're going to focus exclusively on Ethereum hashing for now. This isn't an necessarily an optimal miner PC configuration, but it will suffice and is a closer representation to what most of our readers are probably using.
The most important factors for a mining PC are power and cooling, as they both directly impact overall profitability. If you can keep your GPU and other components cool, they'll last longer and not break down as often. Meanwhile, power can be very expensive for larger mining setups, and poor efficiency PSUs power supply units will generate more heat and use more electricity.
We've run these benchmarks using NiceHash Miner, looking at actual realtime hash rates rather than the results of its built-in benchmark. We tested each graphics card in stock mode, and then we also attempted to tune performance to improve overall efficiency and ideally keep temperatures and fan speeds at reasonable levels. We let the mining run for at least 15 minutes before checking performance, power, etc.
It's also important to note that we're reporting raw graphics card power for the entire card, but we don't account for the power consumption of the rest of the PC or power supply inefficiencies. There's a lot to discuss with these charts, specifically, what do we mean by "tuned" performance?
The answer: It varies, often massively, by GPU. After the initial article, we've updated and added more GPUs, but we've skipped the "stock" testing and only included our tuned results. Let's talk about the big picture quickly before we get into the details.
Modding those with better thermal pads, or buying a third party card, can boost performance and lower memory temperatures. That's because Ethereum hashing depends quite heavily on memory bandwidth. You can check out the power chart, but the overall efficiency chart is more important than raw power use. Most of the cards are pretty close in terms of overall efficiency for Ethereum mining, though the additional GPU cores on the XT and XT ended up dropping efficiency a bit more tuning might improve the results, particularly if you're willing to sacrifice a bit of performance to reduce the power use.
Finally, we have temperatures. These are GPU core temperatures, but they're actually not the critical factor on many of the cards. AMD's cards ran hot at stock settings, but all of the cards benefit greatly from tuning. The cards settled in at degrees Celsius, with GPU clocks fluctuating quite a bit. This brings us to the main area of interest. Let's start by noting that every card model is different and even cards of the same model may vary in performance characteristics.
That's because EVGA appears to have put a lot of effort into cooling the memory. Let's take each card in turn. Power use also dropped to W, is quite good considering the hash rate. If you don't mod the card to improve GDDR6X cooling, you'll typically end up at C depending on your card, case, cooling, and other factors , and the maxed out fan speed is not going to be good for fan longevity. Consider yourself warned. Again, maxing out fan speeds and memory clocks while dropping the GPU core clocks and power limit are key to improving overall hash rates.
Which brings us toa card that we've since removed from the charts. Then we overclocked the memory by MHz base clock, which gave a final speed of 20Gbps the Ampere cards run at 0. It's not ideal, but at these temperatures a 4C difference can be significant. Our initial results were poor, as these were the first cards we tested, but we've revisited the settings after looking at the RX series.
We were able to add MHz, giving a You'd think that wouldn't be sufficient, but boosting the GPU clocks up to 1. Performance was very close to the while using less power, making this the overall winner in efficiency. Our tuned settings ended up with higher clocks due to the factory overclock and more power use than the Ti Founders Edition, but basically the same hashing performance.
The cooling on this card isn't nearly as robust as many of the other GPUs. The GPU clocks can go very high at stock, but the memory bandwidth appears to be the main bottleneck. Running with GPU clocks of 2. More importantly, power consumption took a massive dive, and efficiency improved to one of the better results in our testing. But this actually isn't AMD's best overall showing. At the same time, power requirements dropped substantially, from W to W. However, the memory proves the deciding factor once again.
That resulted in a MHz clock compared to MHz at stock, but fan speed was higher this time. Boosting the clocks back to 2. The efficiency looks good, but the raw hashrate is definitely lacking it's only marginally faster than a RX 8GB from five years back.
After the testing we've completed, one thing we wanted to do was look at real-world profitability from mining. There's a reason people do this, and results can vary quite a bit depending on your specific hardware. We've used the optimal tuned settings, as well as power draw figures. However, note that the power draw we're reporting doesn't include PSU inefficiencies or power for the rest of the PC.
We're mostly looking at reference models as well, which often aren't the best option, but here's how our data compares to what NiceHash reports. There are some interesting results. Our stance is that this is a Very Bad Idea tm. Not only will the fans make a lot of noise, but they're also destined to fail sooner rather than later.
If you're okay replacing the card's fans in the future, or if you want to mod the card with better cooling pads in the first place, you can definitely achieve the NiceHash performance figures. Power use as measured using Powenetics would of course increase. We were relatively close on the Ti performance, and our earlier power data showed much better results than NiceHash, but now those figures have been updated and are slightly lower than our measured power.
The RTX meanwhile ended up with similar performance, but our power results were significantly higher perhaps our EVGA sample just wasn't a good starting point. The current thinking for a lot of miners is that Nvidia's RTX series cards are superior to AMD, but that's really only true if you look at pure hashrates on the and Factor in power efficiency and things are much closer. Besides, it's not like you can buy any of these GPUs right now unless you're willing to fork out a lot of money or have some good industry contacts for building your mining farm.
The principles we've outlined above generally apply to the older GPUs as well. We're going to skip all the baseline performance metrics this time, and just jump straight to optimized performance. Note that outside of the RX and , and the three GTX variants, all of our tests were done using the reference models from AMD and Nvidia, which tend to be more of a baseline or worst-case scenario for most GPUs.
We'll list our optimized settings below, but here are the results. Our Vega cards are also reference models and were far more finnicky than other GPUs. For Nvidia's Turing GPUs, performance again correlates pretty much directly with memory bandwidth, though with a few interesting exceptions.
Notice that the Super, Super, and Super all end up with nearly identical performance? That's not an error. The odd bit is that the Super requires substantially higher memory clocks to get there. Most likely the memory timings on the GDDR6 in the Super are more relaxed looser , so even though bandwidth is higher, bandwidth plus latency ends up balancing out. The Ti and Super are basically the same speed, though we had better luck with memory overclocking on the Super.
That reduces power use and temperatures and boosts overall efficiency. Stepping back one generation further to Pascal GTX series , the approach changes a bit. Maximum memory clocks are still critical, but core clocks start to matter morethe architecture isn't tuned for compute as much as Turing and Ampere.
We got our best results by overclocking the GPU core and memory speed, but then setting a power limit. Tweaking AMD's previous generation GPUs is a bit different, in that rather than limiting the power, the best approach is to tune the voltage and clock speed.
LinuxCoin 0. I am the same guy with MHz Sapphire Xtreme, all other settings the same, board stable, no increase in rejected. Catalyst Memory MHz, Vcore 1. Best dual gpu setup me thinks? The name is Mautobu. Whole computer comsumpts Watt. Stock voltage. Card is PowerColor branded. Windows 7 Ultimate SP1 with Classic theme. Mem Mhz Clock Voltage 1. Windows7x64, Catalyst Note this keeps temps under 80oC which is needed for this to be stable.
Moderate fan noise. Windows 7x64, Catalyst MSI Afterburner 2. BIOS switch at "default" position 2, see source. BIOS switch at "overclocked" position 1, see source. Power control at Diablo's args: -w -g 5 -v 2 -f 0. Currently, aticonfig can only underclock RAM to mhz below core speed. Command line: phoenix. Watercooled at C. Sapphire HDxt, Catalyst Bitminter beta 1. Win8, Catalyst Undervolted each card until crash under load, then raised about 0. Settings using afterburner 2.
Win7, Catalyst DiabloMiner -w -f 1 source. Win7 64bit.
With that preamble out of the way, let's get to the main point: What are the best mining GPUs? This is somewhat on a theoretical level, as you can't actually buy the cards at retail for the most part, but we have a solution for that as well.
We're going to use eBay pricing on sold listings taken from our GPU pricing index. How much can you make by mining Ethereum with a graphics card, and how long will it take to recover the cost of the card using the currently inflated eBay prices?
Let's take a look. For this chart, we've used the current difficulty combined with the average price of Ethereum over the past week because nothing else is coming close to Ethereum for GPU mining profitability right now. We've optimized Ethereum mining performance , with an eye toward minimizing power consumption while maximizing hash rates. Also note that we're using real-world in-line power measurements for the GPUs, collected using our Powenetics hardware and software solution , so our power figures are not relying on software data, which can be off by anywhere from a few watts to over 50W, depending on the GPU.
Taking the hash rate and current difficulty, we subtract the power cost to come up with daily profits. Then we used the approximate eBay price divided by the current daily profits to come up with a time to repay the cost of the graphics card.
The following table is sorted by time to break even assuming price and difficulty don't change, which they absolutely will. Last time we updated this list, the best-case scenario for breaking even required as little as days. With the decrease in Ethereum prices combined with the increase in mining difficulty, at current rates your best bet would be just over a year to break even which will of course change, because cryptocurrencies are nothing if not volatile. Keep in mind that Ethereum is still supposed to transition to proof of stake i.
That transition has been delayed a couple of years now, though, so who knows when or even if it will ever happen? Six months from now we could see substantially lower profitability, if GPU miners are forced to find alternatives to Ethereum. Miners likely hope that some other coin will take off and replace Ethereum, but that's yet another gamble.
Also note that finding some of the older model cards in sufficient quantities may be more difficult, and running multiple GPUs off a single PC requires PCIe riser cards and other extras that add to the total cost. Not surprisingly, Nvidia's LHR model cards tend to do far worse overall. Break-even times currently range from just under days to as much as days, depending on the GPU. Unless the current Ethereum pricing trend reverses, you can expect it to take even longer, especially when you factor in the other hardware you'd need.
For pure graphics card power, you should divide the numbers in the table by your PSU's efficiency rating e. If you're running multiple GPUs off a single PC, total waste power would be somewhat lower, though it really doesn't impact things that much. If you take the worst-case scenario and add 60W to every GPU, the time to break even increases by 2030 days.
It's also fair to say that our test results are not representative of all graphics cards of a particular model. VBIOS mods may help use at your own risk , and some models simply run better and faster. Most of the remainder of the article hasn't been touched since around July , though we did tweak a few of the prices and break-even time estimates.
The problem is that the above table has no way of predicting the price of Ethereum, other coins, or mining difficulty.
Guessing at the price is like guessing at the value of any other commodity: It can go up or down at a moment's notice, and Ethereum, Bitcoin, and other cryptocurrencies are generally more volatile than even the most volatile of stocks. On the other hand, mining difficulty tends to increase over time and only goes down when people stop mining like with the China mining crackdown , as the difficulty is directly tied to the network hash rate i.
The above is something of a best-case scenario for when you'd break even on the cost of a GPU. Actually, that's not true. The best-case scenario for miners is that the price of Ethereum doubles or triples or whatever, and then everyone holding Ethereum makes a bunch of money. Until people start to cash out and the price drops, triggering panic sells and a plummeting price. That happened in with Ethereum, and it's happened at least three times during the history of Bitcoin.
Like we said: volatile. Still, there are obviously plenty of people who believe in the potential of Ethereum, Bitcoin, and blockchain technologies. Even at today's inflated GPU prices with mining profitability slumping, some people are likely still making a go at mining. At least if the value of the coins drops, you still have the hardware that's at least worth something provided the card doesn't prematurely die due to heavy mining use. That means, despite the overall rankings in terms of time to break even , you're generally better off buying newer hardware if possible.
Our table above includes 'current' eBay pricing estimates and the associated profitability. Even when profitability drops, GPU prices tend to take longer to come down. There's also a balance between time to break even and daily potential profits, but at this point we strongly advise against anyone investing more money into GPU mining. Okay, sure, you can try to get ahead of the next wave, whenever that happens if that happens.
For those still interested, we've considered the options and come up with this list of the best mining GPUs for Ethereum right now things can change rapidly based on pricing and availability, not to mention the valuation of Ethereum and Bitcoin.
Make sure you get one of the non-LHR models, though, or mining profitability with Ethereum is a lot lower. The GeForce RTX is also worth a look, provided you can find one of the earlier models where the LHR lock was accidentally broken with older drivers for a good price.
Mining performance is lower but efficiency and break-even time are basically the same as the XT. Just don't get the 4GB models! Of course these could be five years old cards by this point, and buying a used graphics card presents some obvious risks! The RX is generally cheaper than the others and used a bit less power, making it the clear winner. Plus, when you're not mining, it's a very capable gaming GPU. The time to break even is pretty bad, but if you do get into the black it will end up with the highest profitability from that point forward.
One final topic worth discussing is ASIC mining. Many crypto coins and hashing algorithms have been created over the years, some specifically designed to thwart ASIC mining. Usually, that means creating an algorithm that requires more memory, and Ethereum falls into that category.
Still, it's possible to optimize hardware to hash faster while using less power than a GPU. Take the RTX Ti as an example. Get instant access to breaking news, in-depth reviews and helpful tips. From the first S3 Virge '3D decelerators' to today's GPUs, Jarred keeps up with all the latest graphics trends and is the one to ask about game performance. US Edition. Swipe to scroll horizontally. However, its limited processing speed and high power consumption led to limited output, rendering the CPU-based mining process inefficient.
A standard GPU, like a Radeon HD , clocked processing speeds of executing 3, bit instructions per clock, which was times more than the speed of a CPU that executed only 4 bit instructions per clock. It is this property of the GPU that makes them suitable and better for cryptocurrency mining, as the mining process requires higher efficiency in performing similar kinds of repetitive computations. The mining device continuously tries to decode the different hashes repeatedly with only one digit changing in each attempt.
Courtesy of these ALUs, the GPU is capable of performing more calculations, leading to improved output for the crypto mining process. GPUs are devised to do better in performing similar and repetitive work than the performing of diversified multi-tasking functions, like those of the CPU. Each standard computer is equipped with a Central Processing Unit CPU , which is a processing device that acts as a master of the whole computer system.
It performs the controlling functions for the whole computer based on the logic of the operating system and the software installed on the computer.
A GPU is another processing device, but one that works solely for handling display functions. It is the part of a computer that is responsible for its video rendering system.
The typical function of a GPU is to perform and control the rendering of visual effects and 3D-graphics so the CPU doesn't have to get involved in minute details of video-rendering services. It takes care of graphics-intensive tasks such as video editing, gaming display, and decoding and rendering of 3D videos and animations. To draw an analogy, the master CPU managing the whole organization the computer system has a dedicated employee GPU to take care of a specialized department video-rendering functions.
This setup allows the CPU to perform the high-level diversified tasks for managing the whole computer, while the GPU is in charge of the video functions of which it is a specialist. Bitcoin mining is the way that new coins are created, and this process also confirms and protects the transactions on the blockchain itself.
Mining uses a process called proof-of-work PoW. Simply put, computers compete to solve an arbitrary but difficult puzzle. The first to solve the puzzle through trial-and-error effort succeeds and the process begins again.
For more on how Bitcoin mining works, read on here. GPUs have been around for years, but face competition from improved, new-age devices. Investing in cryptocurrencies and other Initial Coin Offerings "ICOs" is highly risky and speculative, and this article is not a recommendation by Investopedia or the writer to invest in cryptocurrencies or other ICOs. Since each individual's situation is unique, a qualified professional should always be consulted before making any financial decisions. Investopedia makes no representations or warranties as to the accuracy or timeliness of the information contained herein.
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